10月14日，在位于河南郑州的中国中铁装备集团国家TBM产业化中心内，两台直径10.23米的硬岩掘进机“高原先锋号”正在紧张拆机中，即将运往高原高寒铁路隧道项目建设现场。在不远处的盾构总装车间内，吊装、焊接、调试……工人们忙碌而有序地作业，一台台“庞然大物”引人注目。

进入2022年以来，出口葡萄牙、奥地利、意大利、卡塔尔等隧道掘进机陆续下线、始发，用于珠海隧道、高原高寒隧道的隧道掘进机先后出厂……专业从事隧道掘进机研发制作的中铁装备集团，高质量发展能力持续提升。

摄影  马健

据中铁装备党委书记、董事长赵华介绍，我国首台出口德国的盾构机正在紧张生产中，旁边工位上，出口土耳其的直径8.54米土压平衡盾构机有一台已经下线，另外一台也将于近期组装完成、迎接验收。

隧道掘进机(盾构/TBM)可穿山越海，是集机械、电气、液压、传感、信息、力学、导向等技术于一体的高端装备，被誉为“工程机械之王”，是衡量一个国家装备制造业水平的重大关键装备。20年前，我国铁路、公路、水利、城市地铁、海底隧道等大量基础设施的建设迎来大发展时期，对盾构机的需求占到了全球60%以上，而由于不掌握核心技术，我国盾构/TBM长期依赖进口，严重制约了我国地下空间开发进程。此时，自主研发国产盾构机成为摆在中国面前的唯一出路。

2008年，中铁一号下线之后，中国盾构机开始迅速占领国内市场，国外盾构机被迫降价30%以上。作为中国隧道掘进机产业的领头羊，中铁装备以关键共性技术、前沿引领技术、颠覆性技术创新为突破口，敢于走前人没走过的路，努力实现关键核心技术自主可控，把创新主动权、发展主动权牢牢掌握在自己手中。

如今的中铁装备，是我国全断面隧道掘进机行业的开拓者和领军者，致力于打造国内领先、国际先进的地下工程装备综合服务商，现已发展成为隧道掘进机、隧道机械化专用设备、地下空间开发三大产业有机联动，以地下工程装备综合服务统领多元发展的综合性企业集团。

近年来，中铁装备持续加强关键技术攻关，抢占技术制高点，推动了一批开创性、奠基性、里程碑式的产品和项目落地。近年来，企业综合实力显著增强，2014年到2022年，新签合同额、新签订单数、盾构产量分别增长了5倍、3.8倍、5.3倍，产销量连续10年国内第一，连续5年世界第一，基本实现了各应用领域的“全覆盖”。

据悉，在技术创新方面，中铁装备持续加大研发投入力度，年平均研发经费投入占比达8%;加快布局基础应用技术，搭建了“智能技术、新材料技术、流体科学、结构优化、未来开挖技术”“五大平台”;积极与国家攻关计划对接，联合产业上下游、产学研力量开展协同攻关，大力开展联合创新，破解“卡脖子”难题，初步实现了关键核心技术自主可控。公司先后突破了TBM超前地质探测、超大直径泥水盾构常压换刀、刀具磨损检测等一批核心关键技术，研制的马蹄形盾构机为世界首创;矩形盾构技术世界领先;首创了盾构法联络通道施工装备;建成了世界首个TBM云计算平台和大数据中心，开发了TBM掘进智能控制软件并成功应用在吉林引松、新疆额河、川藏铁路等项目。2021年，中铁装备实现盾构机竖着打，攻克了千米竖井掘进的世界难题，还针对高原高寒极端环境施工研制了世界首台双结构硬岩掘进机和成套化专用设备，在川藏铁路建设中服务世纪工程。

上天有神舟，下海有蛟龙，入地有盾构。一项项关键性技术的突破，让中国盾构的自主创新成果为世界瞩目。面对未知的地下世界，每一次穿越都是一次技术的积累和升级。一直以来，中铁盾构以技术为立身之本，苦练内功，磨砺入地“金刚钻”。中铁装备勇当全球掘进机领域领军企业，引领和推动中国盾构产业高质量发展。2021年，荣获了中国质量奖，还被评定为全国21户“科改”标杆企业之一。

近两年，全球受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响，实体经济受到进一步冲击。然而，中铁装备出口逆势增长。今年，盾构机又首次进入德国、俄罗斯、泰国、葡萄牙等国家。

统计显示，中铁装备各类产品不仅应用于国内40余个城市，还出口至意大利、法国、澳大利亚、新加坡、美国等30多个国家和地区。

郑报全媒体记者 徐刚领

【双语】

Shield Machines made in Zhengzhou attracts worldwide attention

On October 14th, 2 hard rock boring machines with a diameter of 10.23 meters "Plateau Pioneer" are being dismantled in the National TBM Industrialization Center of China Railway Equipment Group Co.Ltd.(CREG), they will be transported to the construction site of plateau alpine railway tunnel project.The workers are busy and orderly in their work, lifting, welding, debugging in the workshop not far away.

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According to Zhao Hua, Party secretary and chairman of CREG, China's first shield machine exported to Germany is accelerating productivity. At the next station, one of the 8.54-meter earth pressure balancing shield machine for export to Turkey has been rolled off the production line, and the other one will be assembled and accepted in the near future.

Tunnel Boring Machine (Shield /TBM), is a combination of machinery, electrical, hydraulic, sensing, information, mechanics, guidance and other technologies in one of the high-end equipment, known as the "king of construction machinery", is the major key equipment to measure the level of a country's equipment manufacturing industry.

Twenty years ago, China's lots of infrastructure constructions ushered in a big development period, which includes railway, highway, water conservancy, urban subway, undersea tunnel and etc.. The demand for shield machine accounted for more than 60% of the world, and for lack of the core technology, Chinese shield /TBM relies on imports for a long time, which seriously restricts the development process of underground space.. At this time, the independent research and development of domestic shield machine becomes the only way out for China.

In 2008, after China Railway No.1, the shield tunneling machine rolled out the production line, Chinese shield machines began to rapidly occupy the domestic market, and foreign shield machines were forced to cut prices by more than 30%.

As a leader in China's tunnel boring machine industry, China Railway Equipment Co., LTD., with key generic technologies, cutting-edge leading technologies and disruptive technological innovations as breakthroughs, strives to be independent and control key and core technologies in its own hands.

In recent years, the comprehensive strength of the enterprise has been significantly enhanced. From 2014 to 2022, the amount of new contracts signed, the number of new contracts signed and the output of shield equipment increased by 5 times, 3.8 times and 5.3 times respectively. The production and sales volume ranked first in China for 10 consecutive years and first in the world for 5 consecutive years, and basically realized the "full coverage" of all application fields.

It is reported that in terms of technological innovation, CREG continues to increase its R&D investment, accounting for 8% of the annual average R&D investment.

In 2021, the shield tunneling machine equipped by CREG overcame the world's difficult problem of vertical digging for thousands of meters, and developed the world's first double-structure hard rock tunneling machine and integrated special equipment for the plateau and cold extreme environment, serving the century project in the Sichuan-Tibet Railway construction.

In the past two years, the world has been affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, which has further impacted the real economy. However, China Railway equipment exports bucked the trend of the recession. This year, for the first time, the shield machine entered Germany, Russia, Thailand, Portugal and other countries.

According to statistics that all kinds of products of CREG are not only used in more than 40 cities in China, but also exported to more than 30 countries and regions such as Italy, France, Australia, Singapore and the United States.